What is the purpose of warm-up exercises before physical activity?

The purpose of warm-up exercises before physical activity is to prepare the body and reduce the risk of injury. Warming up increases blood flow to the muscles, elevates heart rate, and enhances flexibility, which together help to ensure that the body is ready for more intense physical activity. This gradual transition into exercise helps to improve performance and can significantly lower the likelihood of strains, sprains, and other injuries that can occur when the body is suddenly subjected to high demands without adequate preparation. Additionally, warm-up routines can help improve the range of motion in the joints, making them better able to handle the movements required during exercise.

The other options suggest actions that are counterproductive to effective physical preparation. Cooling down, for example, is part of post-exercise recovery and is not focused on preparing the body for activity. Increasing body fat is unrelated to warm-ups, as the goal of exercising is typically to improve fitness levels rather than gain fat. Limiting blood flow to the muscles contradicts the very intention of a warm-up, which is to enhance circulation and ensure that the muscles receive enough oxygen and nutrients for optimal performance.